State of the fall of the Umayyad Caliphate, and the transfer of capital from Damascus to Baghdad, a major turning point in Islamic art, has moved from being influenced by Western classical artistic traditions, in favor of openness in the arts of East Asia, especially the Sasanian artistic styles.
With weakening of the Abbasid Caliphate in the ninth century AD, took some of their parts by a political independent, has set up «Aghlabid» independent state in Tunisia, and the foundations of Albuehion independent states in Iraq and eastern Iran and the country beyond the River.
It was natural, that lead to the independence of political independence in artistic styles, depending on the revival of national traditions, in each country. Vtm revival of national traditions, Sasanian and revived the Turkish tradition in Egypt.
It was not, but these data, we reflect on the art of porcelain, which has spread in the Abbasid period, in all countries of the Islamic world. Industry and known for many cities and types of the afternoon, porcelain matte in Egypt, Syria, Iraq, and Lustre, ceramic top, as well as Mahzzouz, decorations, Pony, gray.
And the famous potters of the Fatimid state, producing the best kinds of porcelain, Bbdaia decorations that carry it. Fustat was the most important centers of pottery of the type with a metallic luster, and record potters of the Fatimid state, as well as, important moments in the history of their industry, for example, install the signatures on the manufacturers of ceramic products.
Witnessed the twelfth century the fall of the States of the Fatimid Egypt at the hands of the Ayyubid, those who believed all aspects of luxury and requirements, moved the lead in the arts to the Islamic East, located under the rule of the Seljuk loyal to the Abbasid Caliphate in Baghdad, and in this transition, a major development in the manufacture of ceramic pots, and colors and forms.
Centers and multi-Seljuk tiles, colorful Mrakzsnaap porcelain, wrapped myself in a long list of cities such as irrigation, Hamedan, Qom, Kashan, Sultan Abad. The Potters began the same time, note the date of their industry for their products, reflecting the feeling and awareness of the value of art, and originality aspects of the work.
In the second half of the twelfth century, there was a porcelain luster in Iran and Iraq, and factories were popular in many parts of Iran is producing porcelain «Limestone» lime-light brown and green light, which RPR Brsome and decoration and carved figures.
The city of irrigation, which inherited the leadership of porcelain from Cairo, were known to produce a paste porcelain white, slave and out shouldering Bzacharvh plotted Balhz, drilling, punching, known as the hollow ceramic industry composition.
The Alkhozq «enamel» of the best produced city irrigation, usually made of colored dough is covered with tin-glazed opaque, to paint decorations on it with different colors of blue, black, green, and red. Which came decoration influenced by Seljuk school of photography, and most corrupt officials «Ali ibn Yusuf» and «Abu Tahir Hussain».
And produced «Irrigation» also porcelain Iranian outstanding Bzacharvh carefully incised or carved and painted in blue and turquoise, yellow or violet light, and the fees of animals and birds, branching plant, which is called earthenware «protects» have been derived decorated of decoration metal, textiles, Seljuk.
It is porcelain Iranian Also, there are ceramic «Jerry» It is one of the most important types of ceramics of Iran, and show up on the porcelain with drawings of birds or animals, real or fabulous addition to the writings of Kufic calligraphy and covered with decorative layer of transparent glass, colors, yellow or green or brown dark, focused industry This ceramic, in areas of hope and Zanjan and Hamedan.
He knew from that period ceramics «valid», which was painted in a simple and multiple colors under the paint, such as orange, red, green, black, brown and manganese, and consists decoration fees birds modified or circles and leaves her long legs, and was made in the cities of: Sari and I hope and Ashraf province of Mazandaran in Iran.
The ceramics with a metallic luster, in Iran, has flourished between the twelfth and fourteenth birthday, and the cities of irrigation and Kashan of the most centers, even after the Mongol invasion and destruction of irrigation (1220), Kashan (1224) did not stop the ceramics industry, but the amount of production I .
The transformation manufacturers produce for the owners of the middle class, pays a deterioration in the quality of output, followed by a period of great recession in the fifteenth century, and then was soon returned to prosperity in the production of the Safavid period.
It Saveh, which lies on the caravan route from west to east, south-west irrigation, and in the middle of the road between them and Hamedan in the west and Kashan in the south, remained industry porcelain artifacts, which are produced by casting in the template, and produced him pots and bowls, statues of people or birds or animals, and are usually painted dark blue or turquoise, and perhaps decorated with painted black.